| 摘要 |
<p>Textiles such as calico fabrics, pile fabrics, linen, buckram, shirtings, collars or animal fibres may be finished by treatment in an aqueous medium with aldehydes or substances yielding aldehydes and starch in a form capable of yielding a paste, preferably in the presence of acid-reacting substances. Preferably the fibres are treated with reaction products of formaldehyde and starch which are still capable of yielding a paste and are then dried at elevated temperatures. Paraformaldehyde, hexamethylenetetranine or condensation products of formaldehyde with acetone may be used instead of formaldehyde. Suitable acid-reacting substances include weak acids or acid-reacting salts, e.g. phosphoric acid, acetic acid, acetic acid, succinic acid, adipic acid, benzoic acid, phthalic acid, mono-sodium phosphate, sodium bisulphate, sodium thiocyanate, the ammonium salt of adipic acid, or substances splitting off acids, e.g. hydrolysable salts such as aluminium acetate, compounds splitting off acids with excess of water such as antimony oxychloride or its mixtures with antimony trioxide, or organic compounds forming acids with water such as tertiary butyl iodide. The reaction product of starch and formaldehyde may be incorporated with untreated starch and used after allowing the mixture to stand, or further finishing materials may be added to the baths, e.g. fillers as kaolin, pipeclay, China clay, alkali-metal silicates, or magnesium sulphate; softening agents such as soaps, turkey red oils; waxes, e.g. paraffin wax and the reaction products of alkylene oxides on compounds containing hydroxyl, amino, or carboxylic acid groups; wetting agents and agents imparting gloss such as beeswax and Japan wax. The finished fibres may contain between 5 and 20 per cent by weight of the finishing material. Numerous examples are given of the preparation of the finishes and the treatment of the textile materials. Specification 385,378 is referred to.ALSO:Textiles such as calico fabrics, pile fabrics, linen, buckram, shirtings, collars or animal fibres may be finished by treatment in an aqueous medium with aldehydes or substances yielding aldehydes and starch in a form capable of yielding a paste, preferably in the presence of acid-reacting substances. Preferably the fibres are treated with reaction products of formaldehyde and starch which are still capable of yielding a paste and are then dried at elevated temperatures. Paraformaldehyde, hexamethylenetetramine or condensation products of formaldehyde with acetone may be used instead of formaldehyde. Suitable acid-reacting substances include weak acids or acid-reacting salts, e.g. phosphoric acid, acetic acid, succinic acid, adipic acid, benzoic acid, phthalic acid, mono-sodium phosphate, sodium bisulphate, sodium thiocyanate, the ammonium salt of adipic acid, or substances splitting off acids, e.g. hydrolysable salts such as aluminium acetate, compounds splitting off acids with excess of water such as antimony oxychloride or its mixtures with antimony trioxide, or organic compounds forming acids with water such as tertiary butyl iodide. The reaction product of starch and formaldehyde may be incorporated with untreated starch and used after allowing the mixture to stand, or further finishing materials may be added to the baths, e.g. filters as kaolin, pipeclay, china clay, alkalimetal silicates, or magnesium sulphate; softening agents such as soaps, turkey red oils; waxes, e.g. paraffin wax and the reaction products of alkylene oxides on compounds containing hydroxyl, amino, or carboxylic acid groups; wetting agents and agents imparting gloss such as beeswax and Japan wax. The finished fibres may contain between 5 and 20 per cent by weight of the finishing material. Numerous examples are given of the preparation of the finishes and the treatment of the textile materials. Specification 385,378 is referred to.</p> |
