Thermal gasification reactor for producing heat energy from waste

摘要

A thermal reactor for producing usable heat energy by destroying waste including a vessel wherein organic waste upon entering said vessel gasifies as it falls onto a carbon bed and is transformed into a synthesis gas with high heat and kinetic energy that can be harnessed to produce electricity. Inorganic waste upon entering melts as it falls onto the carbon bed and exits via slag ports to form an inert slag. Because there is no oxygen present in the gasification zone, the waste is not combusted and neither furan or dioxin are formed. The waste includes either prepared refuse derived fuel (RDF) or unprepared raw waste or a combination thereof.

主权项

1. An apparatus for producing heat energy from waste comprising:
a vessel having an internal volume, said internal volume comprising an oxidizing zone located at a lower portion of said internal volume, a carbon bed located above said oxidizing zone, a gasification zone located above said carbon bed, and a gas retention zone located above said gasification zone; a heat supply means located at the lower portion of said vessel, said heat supply means adapted to supply heat into said oxidizing zone; a plurality of injection nozzles for delivering steam, oxygen, oxygen enriched air and/or air into said vessel at predetermined levels relative to said carbon bed to control the said gasification of the carbon bed such that carbon monoxide production is maximized and to create a sub-stoichiometric environment that prevents combustion of the waste in the gasification zone; at least one feed port for delivering waste into said gasification zone, said waste including organic and inorganic waste; at least one coke feed port for delivering carbon into said gasification zone, wherein the coke feed port is positioned between the at least one feed port and the plurality of injection nozzles and penetrates the vessel, whereby said carbon upon entering said gasification zone moves downwards and creates the carbon bed below said gasification zone; at least one exit port for discharge of gas from said gas retention zone, said at least one exit port located at an upper end of said vessel; and at least one slag port for discharge of any molten slag that has collected at the lower portion of said vessel from said apparatus, said at least one slag port located at the lower portion of said vessel, wherein in operation of the apparatus:
organic waste enters the gasification zone, is gasified as a synthesis gas in the sub-stoichiometric environment and falls onto said carbon bed;the synthesis gas is present in the gas retention zone; andmolten inorganic waste is permeated through the carbon bed, moves to said oxidizing zone, and the oxidizing zone has a molten inorganic waste that exits through said at least one slag port.