Method of production of fuels from biomass, from low quality coals and from wastes, residues and sludges from sewage treatment plants

摘要

The present invention concerns a method for the removal of inorganic components such as potassium, sodium, chlorine, sulfur, phosphorus and heavy metals, from biomass of rural or forest or urban origin or even mixture of different origin biomasses, from low quality coals such as peat, lignite and sub-bituminous/bituminous coals, from urban/industrial origin residues/wastes, which are possible to include as much organic—>5% weight—as inorganic—<95% weight—charge and from sewage treatment plant sludges. The desired goal is achieved with the physicochemical treatment of the raw material. The method can also include the thermal treatment, which can precede or follow the physicochemical one. The application of the thermal treatment depends on the nature and the particular characteristics of each raw material as well as on the feasibility analysis of the whole process in order to determine the optimization point in each case.

主权项

1. A method for the removal of inorganic components from raw material for the production of clean materials, wherein the raw material is selected from the group consisting of biomass, coals, and residues from agricultural, urban, or industrial origin, wastes from urban or industrial origins, sludges from sewage treatment plants, and any combination thereof, the method comprising:
thermally treating the raw material in a nitrogen atmosphere in the presence and/or absence of air at temperatures of from about 200° C. to about 320° C. for a residence time at the temperature from about 5 minutes to about 2 hours; and washing the raw material with an aqueous solution that contains salt at temperatures ranging from about 13° C. to about 95° , wherein the aqueous solution is comprised of organic and/or inorganic salts containing at least one of calcium, magnesium, aluminum, titanium, ammonium cations, and combinations thereof.