Methods and systems for three dimensional optical imaging, sensing, particle localization and manipulation

摘要

Embodiments include methods, systems, and/or devices that may be used to image, obtain three-dimensional information from a scence, and/or locate multiple small particles and/or objects in three dimensions. A point spread function (PSF) with a predefined three dimensional shape may be implemented to obtain high Fisher information in 3D. The PSF may be generated via a phase mask, an amplitude mask, a hologram, or a diffractive optical element. The small particles may be imaged using the 3D PSF. The images may be used to find the precise location of the object using an estimation algorithm such as maximum likelihood estimation (MLE), expectation maximization, or Bayesian methods, for example. Calibration measurements can be used to improve the theoretical model of the optical system. Fiduciary particles/targets can also be used to compensate for drift and other type of movement of the sample relative to the detector.

主权项

1. An optical system comprising:
an imaging system that generates a point spread function by control of one or more associated pupil functions of the optical system, the point spread function having a transverse profile that retains its fundamental shape with axial propagation and remains offset from an axis; a sensor array configured to receive light from at least one object through the imaging system and provide one or more images of the object; and a processing device configured to:
recover a representation of the one or more associated pupil functions of the imaging system using a phase retrieval algorithm;determine the position of two concentrations of recorded light in the one or more images that are point spread function representations of the object imaged through the imaging system; andlocalize the object in three dimensions based at least in part on a transverse shift of the two concentrations of recorded light in at least one of the one or more images of the object.