| 摘要 |
The invention relates to a filtration apparatus (10) for filtering fluids, comprising a top compartment (12) containing a permeate collecting chamber (34), a bottom compartment (16) containing a retentate collecting chamber (46) and a filtration compartment (14) arranged between the top compartment (12) and the bottom compartment (16), wherein the filtration compartment (14) comprises at least one filtration element (18) that contains at least one permeate collecting tube (30), and wherein the permeate connecting tube (30) is in fluid communication with the top compartment (12), such that in filtration operation permeate flows through an effective membrane surface area of the at least one filtration element (18) via the at least one permeate collecting tube (30) into the permeate collecting chamber (34). A permeate pipe (140) is attached to the permeate collecting chamber (34), and a fitting (142) through which pressurized air can be applied is arranged at the permeate pipe (140), such that in backwash operation permeate available in the permeate pipe (140) can be flushed back through the filtration elements (18), whereby a volume of the permeate pipe (140) between the fitting (142) and the permeate collecting chamber (34) is at least 0.1 liter per square meter of the effective membrane surface area. The invention also relates to a method for filtering fluids, whereby in filtration operation a fluid to be filtered is fed to the filtration compartment (14), such that permeate flows via the effective membrane surface area of the at least one filtration element (18) into the permeate pipe (140), and whereby in backwash operation permeate available in the permeate pipe (140) is flushed back through the filtration elements (18), in particular by applying pressurized air to the fitting (142). |
