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1. An alkoxylation product with an intrinsically reduced viscosity, said alkoxylation product comprising a polymer of formula (I)
MiDjTkQlURuAPv formula (I) where the fragments M, D, T and Q are linked not to one another, but instead with one another, via the groups UR and/or AP, and the groups UR and AP are linked, not to one another, but instead with one another, correspondingly, via the fragments M, D, T or Q, where i=0 to 16, j=0 to 10, k=0 to 6, l=0 to 4, u=0 to 17, v=0 to 6, with the proviso that i+j+k+l>=1, M independently at each occurrence is an oxygen-radical-carrying hydrocarbon radical having a minimum numerical molar mass of 88 g/mol, or is a radical of formula (Ia), or of formula (Ib), or of formula (Ic) where a=0 to 1000, b=1 to 1000, c=0 to 1000, d=0 to 1000, w=an integer from 0 to 1000, x=0 to 1000, y=an integer from 0 to 500, e=1 to 10, f=0 to 2, g=1 to 3, with the proviso that g+f=3 and g is at least 1, h=0 to 10 and with the proviso that the various monomer units of the fragments with the indices a, b, c, d, w, x and y are freely permutable among one another, and each of the groups with the indices w and y cannot follow itself or the other respective group, and where R1=independently at each occurrence a saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched organic hydrocarbon radical R2=independently at each occurrence an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, R3=independently at each occurrence an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, R4=independently at each occurrence a hydrogen radical, an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, an aryl or alkaryl group, or R4 and one of the radicals R5 taken together form a ring which comprises the atoms bonded to R4 and R5, R5=independently at each occurrence a hydrogen radical or an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, R6, R7=independently at each occurrence a hydrogen radical, an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, an aryl, alkaryl group, and/or alkoxy group, R11=independently at each occurrence a saturated or unsaturated alkyl group having 1 to 24 carbon atoms,
an aryl group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms, or an alkaryl group having 7 to 30, R12=independently at each occurrence a saturated or unsaturated, aliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbon radical having 2 to 30 C atoms, and/or an alkaryl group having 7 to 30, with the proviso that there must be at least one branched structural element present, R13, R14=independently at each occurrence hydrogen and/or an organic radical, or R13 and/or R14 is absent, and, if R13 and R14 are absent, there is a C═C double bond instead of the radicals R13 and R14;
the bridging fragment Z is present or absent:if the bridging fragment Z is absent, then R15, R16=independently at each occurrence hydrogen and/or an organic radical, and, if one of the radicals R13 or R14 is absent, the respective germinal radical is an alkylidene radical,
if the bridging fragment Z is present, thenR15 and R16=hydrocarbon radicals which are bridged cycloaliphatically or aromatically via the fragment Z, Z representing a divalent alkylene or alkenylene radical, where R17=independently at each occurrence a linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated, alkyl group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, an aryl or alkaryl group, where R18=a divalent linear or cyclic, saturated or unsaturated alkyl or aryl group, and, if j, k and I are each=0, then M must=formula (Ia); and where, for the fragments D, T and Q: D is a polyether radical PE with t being 2, T is a polyether radical PE with t being 3 and Q is a polyether radical PE with t being 4, where PE independently at each occurrence is a polyether radical with the formula
-(DA)t-DX, where t=2 to 4, and DX is a t-valent functional, saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched organic hydrocarbon radical, each of the radicals DA being bonded covalently to the radical DX, and where DA is a fragment of the formula (II) with a to h, w, x and y and R2 to R16 independently of one another as defined in formula (Ia), with the proviso that the sum of all the indices a from formula (Ia) and formula (II) must be greater than or equal to 1, wherein the sum of all the indices x from formula (Ia) and formula (II) must be greater than or equal to 1, UR independently at each occurrence are identical or different divalent radicals of the form -U-DC-U-, or a monovalent radical of the form DD-U-, or a trivalent radical of the form DEU3, or a tetravalent radical of the form DFU4, where U is a —C(O)—NH— group which is bonded via the nitrogen to DC, DE, DF or DD, and DC independently at each occurrence is a divalent substituted or unsubstituted, linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon radical having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, selected from alkyl, alkenyl, aryl or alkaryl radicals, and DD independently at each occurrence is a monovalent linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon radical having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, selected from alkyl, alkenyl, aryl or alkaryl radicals, and DE independently at each occurrence is a trivalent substituted or unsubstituted linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon radical having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, selected from alkyl, alkenyl, aryl or alkaryl radicals, and DF independently at each occurrence is a tetravalent substituted or unsubstituted, linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon radical having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, selected from alkyl, alkenyl, aryl or alkaryl radicals, and AP independently at each occurrence are identical or different radicals of the general formula (IIIa), (IIIb) or (IIIc) or, if polyisocyanates with the structural units DE and/or DF are used, additionally structural elements analogous to formula (IIIa) and/or (IIIb), where the three urethane units bonded to DE and/or the four urethane units bonded to DF, independently of one another, have all or in part been further reacted to give allophanate structural units, as shown in the top part of the formulae (IIIa) and (IIIb). |
