| 摘要 |
<p>Textile materials, including fabrics, yarns, films of cellulosic materials, and paper, are provided with a water-resistant starch finish by treating them before, during or after the starching operation with a quaternary ammonium compound of the formula R--X--CH2--N(tert)--Y, and then heating the starched materials to a temperature sufficient to decompose the quaternary compound. In the above formula N(tert) represents the nitrogen atom of a tertiary base, which is preferably aliphatic or heterocyclic, Y represents the anion of a salt-forming acid, X represents a non-carbon link, such as oxygen, sulphur, or imino, and R represents any organic radical which is free from water-solubilizing groups, e.g. a higher aliphatic hydrocarbon radical. Weak bases or acids may be added to the finishes, and also pigments and wetting, softening, adhesive and finishing agents. The preparation of some compounds of the above formula is described. Cetoxy-methyl pyridinium oxalate is obtained by treatment of a solution of the corresponding chloride in methyl alcohol with oxalic acid. Cetoxymethyl - pyridinium sulphite or pyrosulphite is obtained by reaction of cetyl alcohol, pyridine, paraformaldehyde and gaseous sulphur dioxide. The primary amide of an aliphatic carboxylic acid, e.g. stearamide, may be reacted with formaldehyde and a salt of a heterocyclic tertiary amine, e.g. pyridine, in the presence of the free amine; or a methylol derivative of the amide, e.g. stearohydroxymethylamide, may be used, or the tertiary amine salt may be replaced by an addition compound of the amine and an inorganic acid anhydride. Or a carboxylic acid amide or carbamic ester of the general formula R--CONH--R<1> or RO--CONH--R<1>, R and R<1> being aliphatic hydrocarbon radicals, may be reacted with formaldehyde and a hydrogen halide, and the compound formed further reacted with a tertiary amine. The first Provisional Specification describes also the use of an alkyl ether of an a -hydroxyalkyl quaternary ammonium halide. The second Provisional Specification describes also the production of N-methylstearamidomethyl chloride by passing hydrogen chloride into a suspension of stearomethylamide and paraformaldehyde in benzene, and the production of a pyridinium compound therefrom by addition to an acetone solution of pyridine. The third Provisional Specification refers to the use of compounds obtained by reaction of an aliphatic alcohol, a compound containing a hydroxyalkyl group or a higher aliphatic carboxylic amide with sulphur dioxide, a tertiary amine and an aldehyde or substance yielding an aldehyde. The fourth Provisional Specification refers to the production of cetoxymethyl pyridinium perchlorate and octadecoxymethyl pyridinium nitrate by metathesis from the corresponding chlorides.ALSO:Textile materials, including fabrics, yarns, films of cellulosic materials, and paper, are provided with a water-resistant starch finish by treating them before, during or after the starching operation with a quaternary ammonium compound of the formula R-X-CH2-N(tert.)-Y, and then heating the starched material to a temperature sufficient to decompose the quaternary compound. In the above formula N(tert.) represents the nitrogen atom of a tertiary base, which is preferably aliphatic or heterocyclic, Y represents the anion of a salt-forming acid, X represents a noncarbon link, such as oxygen, sulphur or imino, and R represents any organic radical which is free from water-solubilizing groups, e.g. a higher aliphatic hydrocarbon radical. Weak bases or acids may be added to the finishes, and also pigments and wetting, softening, adhesive and finishing agents. The preparation of some compounds of the above formula is described. Cetoxymethyl-pyridinium oxalate is obtained by treatment of a solution of the corresponding chloride in methyl alcohol. Cetoxymethylpyridinium sulphite or pyrosulphate is obtained by reaction of cetyl alcohol, pyridine, paraformaldehyde and gaseous sulphur dioxide. The primary amide of an aliphatic carboxylic acid, e.g. stearamide, may be reacted with formaldehyde and a salt of a heterocyclic tertiary amine, e.g. pyridine, in the presence of a heterocyclic tertiary amine; or a methylol derivative of the amide, e.g. stearohydroxy methylamide, may be used, or the tertiary amine salt may be replaced by an addition compound of the amine and an inorganic acid anhydride. Or a carboxylic acid amide or carbamic ester of the general formula R-CONH-R1 or RO-CONH-R1, R and R1 being aliphatic or cyclo-aliphatic hydrocarbon radicals, may be reacted with formaldehyde and a hydrogen halide, and the compound formed further reacted with a tertiary amine. The first Provisional Specification describes also the use of an alkyl ether of an a -hydroxyalkyl quaternary ammonium halide. The second Provisional Specification describes also the production of N-methylstearamidomethyl chloride by passing gaseous hydrogen chloride into a suspension of stearomethylamide and paraformaldehyde in benzene, and the production of a pyridinium compound therefrom by addition to an acetone solution of pyridine. The third Provisional Specification refers to the use of compounds obtained by reaction of an aliphatic alcohol, a compound containing a hydroxyalkyl group or a higher aliphatic carboxylic amide with sulphur dioxide, a tertiary amine and an aldehyde or substance yielding an aldehyde. The fourth Provisional Specification refers to the production of cetoxymethyl pyridinium perchlorate and octadecoxymethyl pyridinium nitrate by metathesis from the corresponding chlorides.</p> |
