主权项 |
1. A light distribution system to produce a smoothly varying Lambertian luminance output on an output surface that emits light in a frontward direction towards the viewer, in one or more directions perpendicular to the frontward direction to form a two dimensional array of unit cells, each unit cell comprising:
a. a rear optical cavity further comprising:
i. one or more electric light sources,ii. a rear surface with transmission less than about 5% and reflectance greater than about 70%,iii. a plurality of side surfaces with transmission less than about 5% and reflectance greater than about 70%,iv. a front Lambertian transmission surface having absorption less than about 20% and a Lambertian angular distribution for the transmitted light, wherein the front Lambertian transmission varies according to a predetermined transmission function T(x,y) having a four-fold bilateral symmetry in a square unit cell array or a six-fold bilateral symmetry in a hexagonal unit cell array to substantially match the symmetry of the unit cell array and wherein x and y) are measured from the center of the front Lambertian transmission surface; b. a baffled diffusion cavity adjacent the rear optical cavity, the baffled diffusion cavity further comprising:
i. an optically clear medium in an interior region of the baffled diffusion cavity, the interior region of the baffled diffusion cavity defining a space having a thickness of about 30% of the width thereof, andii. a baffle with an optical transmission rate of less than about 5% located on each of the four sides of the baffled diffusion cavity, with at least one baffle having a thickness of about less than about 10% of the width of the cavity; and c. a non-baffled diffusion cavity adjacent to the baffled diffusion cavity, the non-baffled diffusion cavity further comprising:
i. an optically clear medium, with a thickness of about 30% of the width of the cavityii. a front Lambertian light output surface having absorption less than about 20% and which by means of diffusion within the front Lambertian light output surface achieves a Lambertian angular distribution for the transmitted light and wherein the transmission percentage exceeds at least about 30% wherein the transmission function T(x,y) is predetermined by a deterministic ray trace or an experimental optimization to minimize the visual perception of dis-uniformity arising from the combination of dis-uniform light output, dis-uniform linear gradient light output variation, and dis-uniform quadratic gradient light output variation; and wherein the baffled diffusion cavity includes baffles with a first inner diffuse reflector layer and a second outer retro-reflective layer. |