In order to be capable of performing an axle bearing test that accurately simulates a normal traveling condition in which a dynamic load applies to the axle bearing, a bearing testing machine comprises: a testing machine shaft to which a bearing being a test piece is attached, the testing machine shaft being a rotation shaft extending in a Y axis direction being a horizontal direction; a rotational driving unit configured to rotate the testing machine shaft; a test piece holding unit configured to elastically holds the test piece; and an axle driving unit configured to drive the testing machine shaft in a vertical direction and in an X axis direction which is a horizontal direction orthogonal to the Y axis direction.
