| 摘要 |
The catalytic hydrogenation of fatty acids and esters to fatty alcohols is effected at elevated temperature and high pressure in the presence of a copper-containing hydrogenating catalyst, and a cadmium soap which is present in substantial amount, but less than the amount of acid and/or ester. Up to about 10 per cent of the hydrogenating catalyst, e.g. copper chromite, and 5-20 per cent of cadmium soap, based on the total weight of the mixture to be hydrogenated, is preferred. The acids or esters may comprise a major proportion of unsaturateds. They may be derived from natural or hydrogenated glyceride oils, rosin, natural waxes or oxidized petroleum products, and esters such as ethyl esters are included. Preferred reaction conditions are about 200-350 DEG C., and hydrogen pressure above 2000 lbs./sq. in. In examples: (1) a mixture of 85 g. oleic acid, 15 g. cadmium oleate, made by adding cadmium nitrate to potassium oleate, and washing and drying the precipitate, and 10 g. copper chromite, made by mixing copper nitrate and chromic acid, precipitating with ammonia, drying and calcining, is heated to 280 DEG C. under a hydrogen pressure of 4000 lbs./sq. in. The product shows about 20 per cent saturation of the double bonds and is about 85 per cent free alcohol; (2) and (3) the proportions of the components in the mixture are 90 : 10 : 5 and temperature 340 DEG C. Specifications 562,609, 562,610 and 570,957 are referred to. |
