| 摘要 |
<PICT:0608037/III/1> In a thermo-compression evaporation-distillation system in which the vapour compressor is driven by an internal-combustion engine, and heat derived from the engine cooling circuit is used in the system, the distillation is started up by directing the liquid used in the engine cooling circuit, or vapours derived therefrom, into the vapour space of the system either directly or indirectly through a coil. Evaporator 10, connected by suction line 12 to compressor 11, contains a heat-exchanger 13 in communication with the discharge side of the compressor by means of line 14. The compressor is operated by internal-combustion engine 19 which is cooled by circulating a liquid through a jacket 28 around the combustion walls. The mixture of liquid and vapour formed in the jacket passes through line 30 into separator 31 from which the vapour is passed into the vapour space of evaporator 10 through line 49 controlled by valve 50, while the liquid is returned to the jacket. The vapour may alternatively be introduced into the suction line 12 or into the pressure line 14. Make-up cooling liquid is introduced into the separator through line 33. The vapour heats the solution in evaporator 10 either directly or indirectly by circulation through coil 60, and is assisted by the compressor which in starting up is operated with valve 48, in byepass line 47, open, so that air and vapour withdrawn from the evaporator are compressed and returned directly thereto. The solution may also be heated by circulating it through line 92, coil 95 situated in separator 31, and line 96. As soon as the solution in the evaporator boils, valves 50 and 48 are closed so that the evaporator is heated solely by compressed vapour entering heat-exchanger 13. The feed, which flows through line 23 and is preheated in heater 36 by condensate withdrawn from heat-exchanger 13, is then allowed to enter the evaporator and normal thermo-compression evaporation operates. The feed may also be preheated by passing it through a coil 52 in the separator 31 which can be connected either in series or in parallel with preheater 36. In another embodiment, the engine cooling liquid, instead of vapour, is used to initiate distillation. The liquid is either passed through a coil in the evaporator, or passed through an external heat-exchanger through which the solution to be raised to boiling is circulated. Finally, the solution itself may be circulated through the engine jacket and evaporator until its temperature reaches boiling point. Specifications 512,657, 536,371 and U.S.A. Specification 2,280,993 are referred to.
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