| 摘要 |
The present disclosure generally relates to the production of fuels, gasoline additives, and/or lubricants, and precursors thereof. The compounds used to produce the fuels, gasoline additives, and/or lubricants, and precursors thereof may be derived from biomass. The fuels, gasoline additives, and/or lubricants, and precursors thereof may be produced by a combination of intermolecular and/or intramolecular aldol condensation reactions, Guerbet reactions, hydrogenation reactions, and/or oligomerization reactions. |
| 主权项 |
1. A method of producing one or more ketones by contacting a compound of formula (I) with basic catalyst and one or more alcohols or aldehydes of formula (II) to produce the one or more ketones,
wherein the compound of formula (I) and the compound of formula (II) have the following structures: wherein:each R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, and R6 is independently selected from hydrogen, alkyl, aryl, alkenyl, and alkynyl; provided that one or both of (i) and (ii) occurs: (i) at least two of R1, R2, and R3 are hydrogen; and (ii) at least two of R4, R5, and R6 are hydrogen;n is an integer greater than or equal to 0;R7 is selected from alkyl, aryl, alkenyl, alkynyl, and heteroaryl;X is OH or O; andthe dashed line represents an optional double bond that is present when X is O; and wherein the basic catalyst:
(i) comprises an alkali metal hydroxide, an alkaline earth metal hydroxide, a mixed metal oxide, or K3PO4; or(ii) is a heterogeneous catalyst comprising Mg, Al, Zr, Ti, Ce, B, or Y, or any mixtures thereof. |
