Power generation system and processes thereof, including adsorbing heat exchangers for CO2 capture from fossil fuel consumption

摘要

The present invention generally relates to power generation systems configured to absorb and capture a component, such as carbon dioxide, in a flue gas for later sequestration or utilization, wherein heat generated in the sorption process is captured for use in the power generation system. In some examples, the heat of sorption is used to preheat fluids in one or more systems of the power generation system to reduce the heating load on the subsystem. By using the heat of sorption, the carbon dioxide capture and sequestration process not only reduces or eliminates the concentration of carbon dioxide in the flue gas, but reduces or eliminates the parasitic effect of carbon dioxide capture and sequestration on power generation.

主权项

1. A power generation system comprising;
a boiler system comprising:
a combustion chamber for combusting one or more fossil fuels to produce combustion heat and a flue gas comprising a component to be sorbed; anda steam generation chamber receiving the combustion heat from the combustion chamber and applying the combustion heat to water to produce steam at a first temperature and a first pressure; a turbine receiving the steam from the steam generation chamber of the boiler system, wherein the turbine outputs spent steam having a second temperature and a second pressure, wherein the second temperature and the second pressure are lower than the first temperature and the first pressure; a condenser condensing the spent steam from the turbine, wherein the condenser outputs a feedwater stream having a third temperature lower than the second temperature; and a component capture system that receives as an input the feedwater stream having the third temperature and the flue gas comprising the component to be sorbed, wherein the component capture system comprises a sorbing media that:
sorbs at least a portion of the component in the flue gas;generates sorption heat; andtransfers at least a portion of the sorption heat to the feedwater stream having the third temperature to increase the temperature of the feedwater stream to a fourth temperature, wherein the feedwater stream having the fourth temperature serves as the water of the steam generation chamber of the boiler system to which the combustion heat is applied.