PROPPANTS AND ANTI-FLOWBACK ADDITIVES INCLUDING COMPOSITIONS COMPRISING CALCIUM, MULTI-FOIL CROSS SECTIONS, AND/OR SIZE RANGES

摘要

A proppant may include a sintered ceramic, wherein the sintered ceramic has a composition including an alumina (Al2O3) content ranging from about 60% to about 78% by weight, an iron oxide (Fe2O3) content ranging from about 5% to about 20% by weight, a silica (SiO2) content ranging from about 1% to about 10% by weight, a titania (TiO2) content ranging from about 2% to about 8% by weight, and a combined iron oxide and titania content of at least about 11% by weight. A proppant may include a sintered ceramic. The sintered ceramic may have a composition including a calcium oxide (CaO) content ranging from about 1% to about 5% by weight. A rod-shaped proppant may include a sintered ceramic having an aspect ratio ranging from about 1.5 to about 3, an apparent specific gravity ranging from about 2.0 to about 4.0, and a pack porosity of greater than 49%.