Developing roll and image forming apparatus using the same

摘要

A semiconductive member comprising an alkali metal salt having the formula (M) n ·X in a surface layer thereof. M represents Na + , K + , or Li + ; X represents Cl - , Br - , I - , F - , CH 3 COO-, CF 3 COO-, CH (COOH) CHCOO - , (CHCOO - ) 2 , CH 2 (COOH)CH 2 COO - , (CH 2 COO - ) 2, (HOOC)Ar(COO - ), Ar(COO - ) 2 , (HOOC) 2 Ar(COO - ), (HOOC)Ar(COO - ) 2 , Ar(COO - ) 3 , (HOOC) 3 Ar(COO - ), (HOOC) 2 Ar(COO - ) 2 , (HOOC)Ar(COO - ) 3 , Ar(COO - ) 4 , Ar-SO 3 - , Ar(SO 3 - ) 2 , an oligomer or a polymer having an acrylic acid anion unit, or an oligomer or a polymer having an methacrylic acid anion unit; Ar represents a benzene ring, a naphthalene ring, or a biphenyl ring; and n is a numeral equivalent to the anionic valence of X.