Improvements in or relating to reactors and methods for continuously carrying out reactions under stationary-homogeneous conditions

摘要

Propene is reacted with chlorine to produce allyl chloride in a reactor constructed so that the cross-section of the inner surface of the wall in any direction is a smooth line without corners or dead spaces, and the greatest dimension is not more than 4 times the smallest. The injection nozzles are arranged in two groups 1 and 2, to which the respective reactants are supplied, such that all those planes A, each of which is both perpendicular to the tangent plane at the point in the wall where one of the nozzles of group 1 issues and contains the line along which that nozzle is directed, are inclined at at least 45 degrees, preferably at least 80 degrees, to all those planes B which are similarly defined with respect to the nozzles of group 2. Preferably the nozzles are tangential to the surface and the latter is a surface of revolution such as a spheroid, ellipsoid, or a cylinder with hemispherical ends. The nozzles are preferably grouped on great circles of the reactor and the outlet pipe 3 is situated at the crossing point of two such circles. Specification 761,831 is referred to.ALSO: A reactor which ensures homogeneous mixing of reactant fluids is constructed so that the cross section of the inner surface of the wall in any direction is a smooth line without corners or dead spaces, and the greatest dimension is not more than 4 times the smallest. The injection nozzles are arranged in tow groups 1 and 2, which may have different reactants supplied to them, such that all those planes A, each of which is both perpendicular to the tangent plane at the point in the wall where one of the nozzles of group 1 issues and contains the line along which that nozzle is directed, are inclined at at least 45 degrees, preferably at least 80 degrees; to all those planes B which are similarly defined with respect to the nozzles of group 2. Preferably the nozzles are tangential to the surface and the latter is a surface of revolution such as a spheroid, ellipsoid, or a cylinder with hemispherical ends. The nozzles are preferably grouped on great circles of the reactor and the outlet pipe 3 is situated at the crossing point of two such circles. Specification 761,831 is referred to.