| 摘要 |
p-Nitro-diphenylamine is obtained by reacting aniline and p-nitro-chlorobenzene, a hydrochloric acid acceptor and a copper catalyst compound at temperatures of 170 DEG to 200 DEG C., a substantially anhydrous condition being maintained during the reaction by continuously distilling off the water formed as a by-product of the reaction. The reactants may be heated in a flask fitted with either a fractionating column, still head, condenser and receiver, or a reflux condenser and a Stark and Dean Trap. Examples are given (i) using 800 mols. per cent excess of aniline with potassium carbonate as the acid acceptor and cuprous iodide as the catalyst in a fractionating column and receiver apparatus; (ii) as (i) but without distilling off the water, this example being given for comparison; (iii) using 50 mols. per cent excess of aniline with other reactants as before and with the addition of benzene as an azeotroping liquid in a Stark and Dean type apparatus.
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