| 摘要 |
Regenerated cellulose film of improved tear and impact strengths is made by extruding viscose at 38-50 DEG C. into a coagulating and regenerating bath maintained at 40-55 DEG C. in which it is substantially completely coagulated and partially regenerated, stretching the partially regenerated film, if at all, by less than 25 per cent prior to completing regeneration, washing the film after completing regeneration, and drying the film. The viscose may be heated by passing it through a helical coil immersed in an aqueous liquid at 60-100 DEG C. The coagulating and regenerating baths or one of the washing or treating baths containing hot liquid may be used as a source of heat. Alternatively electric heating coils or high-frequency electrostatic heating devices may be applied to the viscose supply lines. The viscose may be prepared by reacting 25-50 parts of carbon disulphide with 100 parts of cellulose to form a cellulose xanthate which is dissolved in dilute aqueous caustic soda solution to produce a viscose containing 8-20 per cent of cellulose and 4-15 per cent of total alkali, calculated as sodium hydroxide. The coagulating bath may be an aqueous sulphuric acid-sodium sulphate bath and should preferably be maintained at a temperature within 5 DEG C. of that of the viscose. In an example, viscose containing 9 per cent of cellulose and 5.4 per cent of total alkali, calculated as sodium hydroxide, is pumped at 20 DEG C. through a heating coil immersed in water at 63 DEG C. to a pressure feed hopper having a 14-inch extrusion slit. The viscose is extruded at 45 DEG C. into an aqueous coagulating and regenerating bath containing 12 per cent of sulphuric acid and 18 per cent of sodium sulphate and maintained at 45-50 DEG C. After passing down a 12-foot variable-angle flume, the film, now substantially completely coagulated, is passed through a second acid tank containing a regenerating bath which has the same composition and temperature as the first bath, then through a wash-tank containing water at 80 DEG C., and finally to a festoon washer containing water at 98-100 DEG C. The film is thereafter soaked in aqueous 4-5 per cent glycerol solution and dried. Tension on the film is controlled so that stretching prior to completing regeneration does not exceed 25 per cent. Experimental results are given. |
