| 摘要 |
813,607. Electrodialysis. SOUTH AFRICAN COUNCIL FOR SCIENTIFIC & INDUSTRIAL RESEARCH. July 18, 1956 [July 30, 1955], No. 22200/56. Class 41. A multi-cell electrodialysis apparatus comprises a pair of backing plates 1 with electrodes 2, a plurality of compartments formed by a pack of alternate anionic and cationic permselective membranes 6, 8 respectively, internal conduits 17, 18 for leading liquid to and from each compartment, a plurality of adjacent pairs of intermediate plates 10, 11 at selected positions in the pack, to subdivide the pack into subpacks, the plates 10, 11 interrupting the conduits 17, 18 while preserving the electrical continuity of the pack by the provision of rinse chambers, the plates 10, 11 having inlets 13, 15 and outlets 14, 16 connecting the conduits 17, 18 with external conduits 19, 20 and 21, 22 respectively. Adjacent membranes 6, 8 are separated by gaskets 3 and spacer material 4, e.g. of corrugated, perforated insulating material, the membranes 6, 8 having apertures 17, 18 and rings 5, 7 which distribute dialysate and brine to the appropriate cell. The plates 10, 11 which are separated by gaskets 3a, are of electrically insulating material and in cross-section, Fig. 10, resemble the membranes 6, 8 and are recessed at 31 to provide between adjacent plates 10, 11 a chamber through which electrolyte, e.g. the concentrated stream from the apparatus, is passed from 27 to 28 to ensure electrical continuity through the cell, the base of the recess being apertured at 30 to provide access for the electrolyte to the active membrane surface. Alternatively, the plates 10, 11 may be unrecessed, the chambers being formed by gaskets. The brine and dialysate inlets 13, 15 and outlets 14, 16 for each subpack may be at the bottom and top respectively at each end of the subpack, Fig. 5, or the inlets 13, 15 may be at the bottom at one end and the outlets 14, 16 at the top at the other end, Fig. 8, the end plates 1 having inlets 13, 15 or outlets 14, 16 to provide for the endmost subpacks. The subpacks may be connected for series or series parallel liquid flow. Intermediate electrodes connected in parallel may be positioned at selected plates 10, 11 in the cell, e.g. every fourth subpack, and may each be common to the plates 10, 11, or each of the selected plates 10, 11 may have an electrode. External resistances may be connected in circuit with the subsidiary electrodes. Specifications 750,220 and 750,238 are referred to.
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