LIQUID, SLURRY AND FLOWABLE POWDER ADSORPTION/ABSORPTION METHOD UTILIZING WASTE HEAT FOR ON-BOARD RECOVERY AND STORAGE OF CO2 FROM MOTOR VEHICLE INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE EXHAUST GASES

摘要

A method and system are described for on-board treatment of an exhaust stream containing CO2 emitted by a hydrocarbon-fueled internal combustion engine (ICE) used to power a vehicle in order to reduce the amount of CO2 discharged into the atmosphere which include:
a. a treatment zone on board the vehicle containing a capture agent that is a liquid, a slurry or a finely divided flowable solid having a predetermined capacity for extracting CO2 from the exhaust stream,
the treatment zone having an inlet for admitting the exhaust gas stream and an outlet for passage of a treated exhaust stream to contact the capture agent having a reduced CO2 content,the treatment zone including a heat exchanger with an inlet for receiving the hot exhaust gas stream from the ICE for passage in heat exchange relation with the capture agent to release CO2 and regenerate the capture agent, and an outlet for the cooled exhaust gas stream,the treatment zone having a CO2 discharge outlet for CO2 released from the regenerated capture agent;b. a compression zone in fluid communication with the CO2 discharge outlet from the treatment zone, the compression zone including one or more compressors for reducing the volume of the CO2;c. a storage zone for receiving the compressed CO2 for temporary storage on board the vehicle;d. an exhaust gas conduit in fluid communication with the treated exhaust gas stream outlet from the treatment zone; ande. at least one waste heat recovery zone for recovery of heat energy from the exhaust gas stream, the ICE cooling system and/or directly from the ICE for conversion to electrical or mechanical energy.

主权项

1. A method for reducing the amount of CO2 discharged into the atmosphere with the exhaust gas stream emitted by an internal combustion engine (ICE) used to power a vehicle, the method comprising:
a. contacting the exhaust gas stream with a CO2 capture agent on board the vehicle, the capture agent having a predetermined capacity to extract CO2 from the exhaust stream; b. discharging a treated exhaust gas stream having a reduced CO2 content into the atmosphere; c. measuring the CO2 level remaining in the treated exhaust gas stream and comparing the value of the measured level to a predetermined limiting value corresponding to the predetermined capacity of the CO2 capture agent; d. discontinuing the contact of the exhaust gas stream with the capture agent when the concentration of the CO2 extracted by the capture agent has reached the predetermined limiting value of (c); e. heating the CO2 capture agent to release the extracted CO2 and regenerate the capture agent; f. recovering an essentially pure CO2 gas stream; g. compressing the recovered CO2 gas on board the vehicle to reduce its volume; and h. temporarily storing the compressed CO2 on board the vehicle.