| 摘要 |
Formulations for transdermal pharmaceutical compositions including clomiphene-like selective estrogen receptor modulators (C-SERMs) in combination with transdermal penetration enhancers are disclosed. Transdermal pharmaceutical compositions can be designed with various release rates, and are administered to increase bloodstream testosterone levels and thereby reduce symptoms of testosterone deficiency in male hypogonadism or male infertility. Transdermal pharmaceutical compositions include a range of dosage forms, such as, for example solutions, liquid sprays, lotions, emulsions, creams, pastes, and ointments, among other dosage forms that exhibit transdermal properties, and provide transdermal delivery of C-SERMs. Transdermal pharmaceutical compositions will deliver C-SERMs through the skin and directly into the patient's bloodstream, thereby providing high bioavailability of C-SERMs. The dosage regimen of the transdermal pharmaceutical compositions can be easily tailored for individual patients according to the baseline blood levels of testosterone and estradiol. |
