Improvements in and relating to pyridinium compounds

摘要

The invention comprises quaternary pyridine compounds of formula: in which X is a halogen radical R1, R2, R3 and R4 are hydrogen or alkyl radicals having 1-12 carbon atoms; and R5 is a radical having the structure: in which R6, R7 and R8 are C1-C12 alkyl radicals, only of which can have a branched chain; R9 is a C1-C20 alkyl radical; R10 i a hydrogen atom, halogen radical or an alkyl radical having 1-4 carbon atoms; and R11 is a hydrogen atom or a C1-C4 alkyl group. They may be prepared by reacting a pyridine compound of formula: with a halogenated olefinic compound of formula at 60-200 DEG C. The reactants are preferably reacted in equimolar proportions but 0.1 to 10 moles of pyridic compound per mole of the halo-substituted olefinic compound may be used.ALSO:Pyridine quaternary compounds of general formula: in which X is a halogen radical, R1, R2, R3 and R4 are hydrogen atoms or C1-C12 alkyl radicals; and R5 is one of the radicals: -CH2CH=CHCH2CH2OR9, CH2=CHCHCH2CH2OR9 or in which R6, R7 and R8 are C1-C12 alkyl radicals, only one of which may be branched, R9 is a C1-C20 alkyl radical; R10 is a hydrogen atom, a halogen radical or a C1-C4 alkyl radical; and R11 is a hydrogen atom or a C1-C4 alkyl radical, may be used as resin coagulants. For example, a suspension of a polymer containing 30-60 parts by weight of vinyl chloride and 40-70 parts of acrylonitrile dispersed in water may be coagulated by the addition of 2% by weight of one of the pyridine quaternary compounds, heating the mixture to 110 DEG C. and then cooling it to 70 DEG C. A suspension of a terpolymer containing 70 parts by weight of acrylonitrile, 20 parts of vinyl chloride and 10 parts of vinylidene chloride dispersed in water may be similarly coagulated.ALSO:Insect repellents comprise pyridine quaternary compounds of general formula in which X is a halogen radical; R1, R2, R3 and R4 are hydrogen atoms or C1-C12 alkyl radicals; and R5 is one of the radicals , , , or in which R6, R7 and R8 are C1-C12 alkyl radicals only of one of which may be branched; R9 is a C1-C20 alkyl radical; R10 is a hydrogen atom, a halogen radical or a C1-C4 alkyl radical; and R11 is a hydrogen atom or a C1-C4 alkyl radical, in solution or emulsion. In examples insect repellents of the following composition are described: (a) a 2.5% (by weight) solution of 1 - {5 - [4 - (2,6,8 - trimethylnonoxy)] - 2 - pentenyl} - 2 - methyl - 5 - ethyl pyridinium chloride in acetone; and (b) an emulsion of 1 - [3 - chloro - 4 - (2 - cyclopentenyl) - 2 - butenyl] - 2 - methyl - 5 - ethylpyridinium chloride in acetone and water and an alkyl aryl polyether alcohol as emulsifier.