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1. An oligomer, polymer or copolymer, comprising at least two structural units of formula II′or comprising at least two structural units of formula III′ wherein: R1and R1′ independently of each other are H, a substituent, a halogen or SiR6R4R5; R2and R2′ independently of each other are hydrogen, halogen or are selected from the group consisting of C1-C25alkyl, C3-C12cycloalkyl, C2-C25alkenyl, C2-C25alkynyl, C4-C25aryl, C5-C25alkylaryl and C5-C25aralkyl, each of which is unsubstituted or substituted with the substituent; Y and Y′ independently are selected from the group consisting of n and p independently range from 0 to 6; R4, R5, R6 independently are selected from the group consisting of C1-C25alkyl, C3-C12cycloalkyl, C4-C25aryl, and C5-C25aralkyl; neighbouring residues R4 and R5 are optionally further interlinked to form a divalent hydrocarbon residue comprising 4 to 25 carbon atoms optionally substituted with the substituent, interrupted, or both; R7 and R7′ independently represent H or the substituent, or vicinal R7 and R7′, together with carbon atoms to which they are attached, complete a 5-membered heterocyclic ring comprising at least one heteroatom selected from the group consisting of N, O, and S, said heterocyclic ring being unsubstituted or substituted with the substituent; m denotes the number of structural units of formula III' ranging from 2 to about 50000; X is a divalent linking group X′ is a trivalent linking group derived, together with a moiety integrated into a chain, from such that X′ comprises one of R9, R9′, R10, R10′, R14, R14′, R18, R19, R19′, R20 comprising a substituent comprising a polymerizable ethylenic double bond; R3 and R3′, together with carbon atoms to which they are attached, complete a 5- or 6-membered hydrocarbon ring which is unsubstituted or substituted with the substituent; R15 and R15′, independently, are hydrogen or the substituent or, together with carbon atoms to which they are attached, complete a 5- or 6- hydrocarbon ring which is unsubstituted or substituted with the substituent, or a 5-membered heterocyclic ring comprising at least one hetero atom selected from the group consisting of N, O, and S, said heterocyclic ring being unsubstituted or substituted with the substituent, or R3 and R3′, or R15 and R15′, together with carbon atoms to which they are attached, form a bridging group R8 is a C4-C10aryl substituted with the substituent, or a C1-C19heteroaryl substituted with the substituent; R9, R9′, R10 and R10′ independently are hydrogen or the substituent, or neighbouring residues R9 and R9′, or R9 and R10, R9′ and R10′, or both, together with carbon atoms to which they are attached, complete a 5-membered heterocyclic ring comprising at least one hetero atom selected from the group consisting of N, O, and S, said heterocyclic ring being unsubstituted or substituted with the substituent; R11 is H or methyl; R18 is the substituent, or is a C4-C10aryl which is substituted with the substituent, or is a C1-C19heteroaryl which is substituted with the substituent; R19 and R19′ together form a bridging group selected from the group consisting of q is 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4; R14 is the substituent, or 2 or 3 neighbouring residues R14 are optionally interlinked to form a divalent or trivalent hydrocarbon residue of 4 to 25 carbon atoms optionally substituted with the substituent, interrupted, or both; R16 and R16′ independently are hydrogen or the substituent; R20 is C1-C25alkyl, C3-C12cycloalkyl, C4-C25aryl, C5-C25alkylaryl or C5-C25aralkyl, each of which is unsubstituted or substituted with the substituent; the substituent, if present, is independently selected from the group consisting of a halogen, OR, C1-C25alkyl, C2-C25alkenyl, C1-C25alkylthio, C1-C25acyl, C4-C10aryl, C1-C9heteroaryl, C3-C12cycloalkyl, C2-C11heterocycloalkyl, C1-C25acyloxy, COR, CH═NR, CH═N—OH, CH═N—OR, COOR, CONHR, CONRR′, CONH—NHR, CONH—NRR′, SO2R, SO3R, SO2NHR, SO2NRR′, SO2NH—NHR, SO2NH—NRR′, S(O)R, S(O)OR, S(O)NHR, S(O)NRR′, S(O)NH—NHR, S(O)NH—NRR′, SiRR′R″, PORR′, PO(OR)R′, PO(OR)2, PO(NHR)2, PO(NRR′)2, CN, NO2, NHR, NRR′, NH—NHR, NH—NRR′, and CONROH, and if bonding to saturated carbon or to sulphur, the substituent is optionally oxo; R, R′ and R″ independently are selected from the group consisting of C1-C25alkyl, C1-C25haloalkyl, C5-C10aryl, and C3-C12cycloalkyl; R is optionally hydrogen; each of the substituent, or R, R′ and R″, which is C4-C10aryl or C1-C9heteroaryl, itself is unsubstituted or is substituted by C1-C4alkyl, C2-C4alkenyl, C1-C4alkoxy, CHO, C1-C4alkyl-carbonyl, C2-C4alkenyl-carbonyloxy, allyloxy, or halogen; and neighboring substituents are not linked together to form an annelated carbocylic or heterocyclic ring system. |
