Process and apparatus for the utilization of the enthalpy of a syngas by additional and post-gasification of renewable fuels

摘要

A process for the generation of a syngas in an entrained-flow gasification process includes a solid, carbon-containing fuel which is introduced via burners into a reactor which also supplies the oxygen for gasification. The fuel is introduced on a burner level where the burners are arranged concentrically around the reaction chamber or in the head area. The syngas obtained is discharged from the reaction chamber via a discharge nozzle, so that the syngas is passed into a collecting chamber for cooling by addition of low-temperature gaseous, vaporous or liquid cooling agents. A quench chamber is provided between the reactor and the collecting chamber. Additional burner levels are in the quench chamber via which a fuel material of renewable fuels or biofuels is introduced into the syngas, so that the heat enthalpy of the syngas can be utilized for the endothermic gasification reaction of the biological raw material. An apparatus for this generation of synthesis gas includes several burner levels, the renewable fuel being supplied to the gasification chamber with or without water vapor or oxygen and the enthalpy of the hot syngas being utilized for the gasification of the renewable fuel.

主权项

1. A process for the utilization of the enthalpy of a synthesis gas by additional and post-gasification of renewable fuels, comprising:
introducing finely ground, carbon-containing fuel in a mixture with oxygen or an oxygen-enriched gas from the outside concentrically in a horizontal direction or from the top downwards into a first refractory reaction chamber so that the fuel reacts to synthesis gas in an entrained-flow gasification in the first reaction chamber, wherein the finely ground, carbon-containing fuel is introduced into the first reaction chamber on a first burner level which extends, in direction of the synthesis gas flow, across a front section of the overall height of the first reaction chamber; obtaining the synthesis gas at a pressure of 0.1 to 8 MPa and discharging it from the first reaction chamber in an upward or downward direction; after having been discharged, passing the synthesis gas thus obtained into a second reaction chamber which is designed as a collecting chamber and in which the supplied synthesis gas is mixed for cooling purposes with a gaseous, vaporous or liquid substance of lower temperature, wherein the residence time of the synthesis gas after the introduction of the fuel in the entrained flow and before the entry into the downstream collecting chamber for cooling in the entrained flow ranges between 1 and 10 seconds; and on a second or further burner level or a second or further burner gun level which also extends across a section of the overall height of the reaction path and is arranged, in the direction of the synthesis gas flow, downstream of the first burner level, a renewable fuel is introduced concentrically into the first reaction chamber, producing another entrained-flow gasification by which the temperature of the exiting synthesis gas is reduced and the enthalpy difference is utilized for the additional gasification of renewable raw materials.