DENSITY-AWARE ZONE-BASED PACKET FORWARDING IN VEHICULAR NETWORKS

摘要

A method for multi-hop forwarding of data packets in vehicular ad-hoc networks is disclosed. Each node knows both its own and the destination's geographical coordinates. The coordinates of the one-hop neighbors are obtained from periodically broadcast Cooperative-Awareness Messages (CAMs). The method comprises the following distributed coordination scheme, executed by each node upon receiving a packet: i) computing the set of candidate forwarders; ii) ranking the candidate forwarders according to an utility metric; iii) forwarding the packet after a period of time proportional to its rank if top-ranked, dropping the packet otherwise. The base utility metric used for ranking forwarders is the inverse of the distance to the destination. Moreover, an extension is disclosed where this metric is replaced by the inverse of the expected number of packet transmissions to reach the destination. The latter metric is calculated based on spatial connectivity information cooperatively collected by nodes in the network.