| 摘要 |
FIELD: chemistry. ^ SUBSTANCE: method relates to chemistry of high-molecular compounds, specifically to a method of producing monodispersed synthetic polymer latex with given particle diametre and amino groups in the surface layer. The method involves emultion copolymerisation of a vinyl monomer from: styrene, vinyl acetate, (meth)acrylates, with N-vinyl formamide (0.5-10 wt %) in mass ratio of monomer phases : water equal to 1:(5-25) and initial pH of the reaction mixture equal to 5.5-7.5 under the effect of a radical initiator or a mixture of initiators from: 2,2'-azo-bis(2-methylpropanoamine) dihydrochloride, 2,2'-azo-bis[2-(imidazidinyl-2)propane] dihydrochloride, 2,2'-azo-bis-isobutyronitrile in concentration of 0.001-0.020 M in aqueous phase; in an atmosphere of an inert gas while heating to 55-95C, where the initial reaction mixture is mixed with strong acids, a base, a salt or a mixture of salts which can create a buffer solution with pH in the given interval with concentration of salts in the aqueous phase of 0.005-0.150 M; chain-transfer agents from the family of organic disulphides, or from a family of substances containing a thiol group; surface active substances or a mixture of salts of quaternary ammonium bases in concentration not exceeding three-times the concentration of their micelle formation at 25C; water-soluble polymer-stabilisers from: polyvinyl pyrrolidone, polyvinyl alcohol, dextran in concentration of up to 3 wt % of aqueous phase; after synthesis, residual monomers are remove from the latex by distillation at low pressure or with water vapour, the latex is purified from water-soluble impurities through dialysis against bidistilled water or through successive centrifuging and re-dispersion of latex particles in the bidistilled water, and the surface of the latex particles are then subjected to hydrolysis in an acidic medium with acid concentration of 0.2-2.0 M at temperature 40-60C for 1-6 hours. Luminophors or ligands with bio-specific activity can be covalently bonded on the functional surface groups of latex particles, where such bonding can take place in a wide pH range. ^ EFFECT: obtaining monodispersed synthetic polymer latex with amino groups on the surface of particles, capable of self-assembly into three-dimensional groups and hierarchical structures which can be used for making new materials using nanotechnology. ^ 7 cl, 4 dwg, 5 ex |
