METHODS FOR CONTROLLING TEMPERATURES IN THE ENVIRONMENTS OF GAS AND OIL WELLS

摘要

Methods and apparatus are provided for controlling temperatures in the environments of oil, gas condensate, or gas wells. Methods are provided for reducing the melting of glaciers and ice dams through the deployment of hydrate-forming substances. Active methods involve employing a vapor-compression refrigerator/heat pump cycle in an annulus lying between the relatively hot production string and the relatively cold outer pipe. Passive methods include: deploying cold hydrate-forming fluids into the external ice-laden environment of an oil, gas condensate, or gas well in a permafrost area and allowing those hydrate forming fluids to mix with any melt-water that may be present or that may subsequently form due to the loss of heat from the oil, gas condensate, or gas well. Mixtures of the hydrate forming fluids and the melt- water will set up into a solid having a much higher melting point and a much lower thermal conductivity than those of ice.