| 摘要 |
An artificial sphincter comprises a closed hydraulic system which includes an inflatable occlusion means which is normally inflated with hydraulic fluid under pressure to cut off flow through a body passage. An accumulator balloon having a relatively inelastic shell serves as a reservoir for hydraulic fluid for the inflatable occlusion means and includes a gas filled bladder within the inelastic shell to maintain a constant pressure in the system. The system also contains a pump to suck fluid from the occlusion means to deflate it and open the body passage to fluid flow and tubing connecting the inflatable occlusion means, the accumulator balloon and the pump to complete a closed system. The sphincter also includes a pressure intensifier which temporarily increases the pressure in the occlusion means to compensate for an anticipated increase in fluid pressure in the body passage. The pressure intensifier includes a source of pressurizing fluid which can be actuated in anticipation of the increase in fluid pressure in the body passage to deliver an increased volume of fluid under pressure to the occlusion means and to operate a pressure actuated shut-off valve which prevents the loss of fluid from the occlusion means.
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