PROPPANTS AND ANTI-FLOWBACK ADDITIVES INCLUDING COMPOSITIONS COMPRISING CALCIUM, MULTI-FOIL CROSS SECTIONS, AND/OR SIZE RANGES

摘要

A proppant may include a sintered ceramic, wherein the sintered ceramic has a composition including an alumina (AI203) content. ranging from about 60% to about 78% by weight, an iron oxide (Fe20 3) content ranging from about 5% to about 20% by weight, a silica (Si02) content ranging from about 1 % to about 10% by weight, a titania (&Tgr;i02) content ranging from about 2% to about 8% by weight, and a combined iron oxide and titania content of at least about 11 % by weight. A proppant may include a sintered ceramic. The sintered ceramic may have a composition including a calcium oxide (CaO) content ranging from about 1 % to about 5% by weight.