| 摘要 |
FIELD: mining.SUBSTANCE: set of mechanical and hydraulic recultivation of disturbed lands includes machines, machinery, devices combined into single process with closed cycle of the water supply, and made self-moving and/or modular installed on movable platforms, spaced-apart time spaced. The maps are prepared by self-moving machines on bottom of the open mine working by back filling and compaction of the filtering dams, on them water outlets are installed, they are closed against ingress of the floating objects by the protective gratings or jumpers. The water settler is divided by the filtering dam with water outlet to large map of the settler, to which via the drain channels on the drop walls of the open mine working the rain, thawed and drain water are directed, and to small map of the settler - sump, where on the floating pontoon with the installed the sludge pump for water supply for pulp creation or protective grating covered suction of the sludge pump installed on the drop wall of the open mine working. Preparation of the loose rock mass during single process is divided to stages: extraction, separation of boulders, their grinding and rock mass loading, this stages are executed by machines and machinery. Boulders are separated during excavation of the rock mass from the dump pits by the bucket of the loading machine, and on the inclined protective grating of the crushing rolls, that simultaneously ensures re-start of the rock mass pieces with size suitable for the hydraulic transportation on the conveyor, crushing by teeth of the crushing rolls, and re-start of pieces of weak rocks to the conveyor, separation and re-start of pieces of strong rocks by teeth installed along spiral to the jaw crusher, where they are crushed to dimensions suitable for hydraulic transportation, and their re-start on the conveyor for delivery to the mixer for the pulp formation. The pulp is formed by mixing of the prepared rock mass with water in ratio 1:3-1:5 in the mixer by the mechanical or hydraulic devices. The pulp pressure hydraulic transportation is performed by coal pump or sludge pump via the pulp line, having pulp discharges distributed over the maps with shutoff valves and devices of flow jet turn by 90 degrees, they are installed on the drop walls of the open mine working and/or map dams, at that the pulp discharges and water outlets are arranged at the diametrically opposite map corners. Rocks wash-over in maps is performed successively from top to bottom maps and settler. Water is filtered through the dam body, and its surplus is cleaned by the cascade overflow over the water outlets to the neighbouring maps, and large and small maps of the settler. Dimensions of the small map are specified by the dimensions of the floating pontoon or sump volume equal to 3-5 times hour capacity of the sludge pumps used for water supply to for the pulp forming. Flattening of sides of the open mine working is performed after filling of all maps by the mechanical and/or hydraulic method considering their protection against water erosion and direction of recultivation of the disturbed lands, at that degree of restoration of the underground water hydrological mode is determined. If the degree of restoration of the underground water hydrological mode does not comply with the condition of complete absorption of the rain, thawed, drain and drainage waters the depression of the recdultivated surface is provided with the water outlet of the water surplus to the external water areas.EFFECT: reduced labour intensity of recultivation of the disturbed lands, and ecological harm to environment.2 cl, 1 dwg |
