| 主权项 |
1. A composition of matter, wherein the composition comprises:
a quaternary ammonium hydroxide having a general formula (I):wherein in the general formula (I):
R1 may be C1-C18 linear or branched alkyl, C2-C18 linear or branched alkanol, C3-C18 linear or branched polyol, benzyl, or substituted benzyl, wherein when present, substituted benzyl is substituted with one or more of C1-C4 alkyl, C1-C4 alkoxy, or halogen, or R1 may have the following general formulae (i) or (ii):wherein in general formulae (i) and (ii), R6 is independently C1-C4 branched or unbranched alkyl,
R2 and R3 may be independently C1-C18 linear or branched alkyl, C2-C18 linear or branched alkanol, C3-C18 linear or branched polyol, benzyl, or substituted benzyl, wherein when present, substituted benzyl is substituted with one or more of C1-C4 alkyl, C1-C4 alkoxy, or halogen, or R1 is as defined above, and R2 and R3 may together form a heterocyclic ring containing the quaternary ammonium N atom of the general formula (I) and 4 to 7 carbon atoms, or R1 is as defined above, and R2 and R3 may together form a heterocyclic ring containing the quaternary ammonium nitrogen atom of the general formula (I), and either a second nitrogen atom or an oxygen atom and 3 to 6 carbon atoms, wherein the second nitrogen atom may be substituted with one or two groups independently selected from C1-C18 linear or branched alkyl, C2-C18 linear or branched alkanol, C3-C18 linear or branched polyol, benzyl, or substituted benzyl, wherein when present, substituted benzyl is substituted with one or more of C1-C4 alkyl, C1-C4 alkoxy, or halogen, or R1, R2, and R3 together may form a bicyclic structure containing from two to four carbon atoms between first and second bridgehead positions, wherein the quaternary N atom of the general formula (I) is at the first bridgehead position, and a carbon or a tertiary or quaternary nitrogen is at the second bridgehead position, wherein when the second bridgehead position is a carbon or a quaternary nitrogen, the carbon or quaternary nitrogen is substituted with R5, in which R5 is H or a C1-C4 branched or unbranched alkyl group, and R4 is C1-C18 linear or branched alkyl, phenyl or substituted phenyl, or benzyl or substituted benzyl, wherein when present, substituted phenyl or substituted benzyl is substituted with one or more of C1-C4 alkyl, C1-C4 alkoxy, or halogen, with the provisos that, if R4 is mono-substituted phenyl, the substituent is other than a 4-fluoro or a 4-alkyl group; and if R4 is di-substituted phenyl, the di-substituted phenyl is other than 2,5-dimethylphenyl. |
