| 主权项 |
1. A method of producing hydrocarbons, comprising:
(a) subjecting biomass or organic waste to anaerobic fermentation to prepare an aqueous organic acid mixture; (b) subjecting the aqueous organic acid mixture to ketonization using a catalyst to prepare an aqueous ketone mixture; (c) subjecting the aqueous ketone mixture to aldol condensation and hydrogenation/hydrodeoxygenation to convert the ketone mixture into the hydrocarbons in the presence of combined catalysts comprising a catalyst having consisting of an aldol condensation catalyst and a hydrogenation/hydrodeoxygenation catalyst under a hydrogen atmosphere in a single reactor, the hydrocarbons selected from the group consisting of fuel, lube base oil, and aromatics; and (d) separating the resulting mixture of hydrocarbons and water obtained in step (c) into the hydrocarbons as an organic phase and the water as an aqueous phase via phase separation, followed by recovering the hydrocarbons, wherein steps (b) and (c), respectively, are performed in presence of water, wherein the aqueous ketone mixture of step (b) is used as it is without removing water therefrom in step (c), wherein the aldol condensation catalyst is selected from the group consisting of CeZrOx, CuZrOx, niobium oxide, zirconia, titania, and oxide mixtures thereof, wherein the hydrogenation/hydrodeoxygenation catalyst is selected from the group consisting of Pd, Pt, Rh, Ru, Ni, NiMo, CoMo, NiW, CoW, and mixtures thereof; wherein the catalyst used in step (b) includes a material selected from the group consisting of MnO, CeO2, ZnO, CaO, MgO, ZrO2, BeO, SrO, BaO, K2O, Rb2O, Cs2O, Na2O, Li2O, and oxide mixtures thereof, and wherein step (c) is performed in the presence of a single catalyst system having the aldol condensation catalyst and the hydrogenation/hydrodeoxygenation catalyst, formed by physical mixing, molding using a binder material or double layering. |
