Methods of making organic photovoltaic cells having improved heterojunction morphology

摘要

Methods of making a photovoltaic device with an organic liquid precursor having electron donor, electron acceptor, and liquid carrier are provided. The liquid precursor is applied to an electrode. A gas permeable layer/stamp contacts and applies pressure to the organic liquid precursor removing liquid carrier to form a solid active material with uniform interpenetrating network domains of electron donor/acceptor materials. A two-step process is also contemplated. A liquid precursor with either electron donor or acceptor is applied to an electrode, contacted under pressure with a first stamp having a nanoscale pattern, thus forming a solid with a patterned surface. Then, a second liquid precursor with the other of the electron donor or acceptor is applied to the patterned surface, contacted with a second stamp under pressure to form the active material. A transparent conducting electrode with material nanograting can be formed. The methods also include continuous processing, like roll-to-roll manufacturing.

主权项

1. A method of making a photovoltaic material by volatilization of a carrier through surface encapsulation and induced alignment, the method comprising:
disposing a liquid precursor between a gas and solvent permeable layer and an electrode, the liquid precursor comprising an organic electron donor material, an organic electron acceptor material, and the carrier comprising a solvent; and applying pressure to the liquid precursor in a direction from the gas and solvent permeable layer through the liquid precursor and towards the electrode and removing at least a portion of the carrier comprising the solvent through the gas and solvent permeable layer to form a solid photovoltaic material comprising interpenetrating network domains of the organic electron donor material and the organic electron acceptor material.