| 摘要 |
FIELD: agriculture.SUBSTANCE: method comprises soil, agrochemical and reclamation inspection of the territory, selection of the depth and the method of ploughing, additional moistening by snow accumulation or irrigation, application of chemical ameliorants, organic fertilizers, sowing and cultivation of salt-resistant crops-developers. Under rain-fed conditions and in irrigation in the alkali soil of chestnut and semi-desert medium solonchak-like and saline (highly carbonate and highly gypsum of low- and medium-sodium alkali soils the type of salinity is mainly chloride and sulphate-chloride, rarely - chloride-sulphate) general ploughing is carried out at a depth of 20-22 cm alternating with three-tier ploughing to a depth of 35-40 cm once in 3-4 years. On alkali soils of shallow saline (type of salinity is mainly chloride and sulphate-chloride, at least - chloride-sulphate) plantage ploughing is carried with the movement of three soil horizons - above alkali soil, alkali soil and sub-alkali soil. On chestnut alkali soils the ameliorant is used as gypsum with the application rate of 5-6 t/ha or clay-gypsum with the rate of application of 7-9 t/ha, and the gypsum is applied in combination with manure in a dose of 30-40 t/ha after ploughing with embedding into the topsoil of the alkali soil layer to a depth of 16-18 cm. The crops-developers on the old-arable alkali soils if they contain alkali soil up to 50%, barley, millet, mustard, alfalfa are used. In the irrigated areas with the presence of alkali soil more than 50% the Sudan grass, melilot, wheat grass, wheat-grass, wild rye, prostrate summer cypress are used.EFFECT: increase in fertility of alkali soils, taking into account the type of their salinity. |
