MEMBRANE SEPARATION ELEMENT AND PROCESS RELATING THERETO

摘要

One exemplary embodiment is a membrane separation element. The membrane separation element can include a membrane and a feed spacer positioned adjacent to the membrane. The feed spacer may include a first layer, a second layer, and a third layer. Usually, a plurality of fibers of the second layer only touches a plurality of fibers of the first and third layers.

主权项

1. A membrane separation element, comprising:
A) a membrane; and B) a feed spacer positioned adjacent to the membrane, and comprising:
1) a first layer comprising a plurality of fibers wherein each fiber of the plurality of fibers has a diameter and a length, and the fibers of the first layer are arranged substantially parallel with respect to their lengths to one another and positioned with respect to their lengths at a skewed angle to a bulk flow; 2) a second layer comprising a plurality of fibers wherein each fiber of the plurality of fibers has a diameter and a length, and the fibers of the second layer are arranged substantially parallel with respect to their lengths to one another and positioned with respect to their lengths to offset by about 45-about 135° at least one fiber of the first layer; and 3) a third layer comprising a plurality of fibers wherein each fiber of the plurality of fibers has a diameter and a length, and the respective lengths of the plurality of fibers of the third layer are generally aligned with the respective lengths of the plurality fibers of the first layer; wherein the plurality of fibers of the second layer only touches the plurality of fibers of the first and third layers.