| 摘要 |
In the present invention, there is disclosed a process for continuously preparing alkyl nitrates by esterification of primary or secondary alcohols, having 5 to 10 carbon atoms in a molecule or a mixture thereof by nitric acid with molar ration HNOi3/alkohol = 1.03:1 to 1.15:1, at a presence of sulfuric acid, and at a temperature ranging from 0 to 20 degC. The invention is characterized in that the continuous esterification is carried out in two reaction zones arranged one after the other, whereby the first reaction zone is in a continuous agitated reactor mode and at the same time it is cooled, while the other zone is in piston flow mode such that the nitration mixture of acids and alcohol are supplied into the first reaction zone, where reaction of alcohol takes place with conversion degree of at least 98.5 to 99.7 percent, and the reaction mixture is then supplied to the second zone, where alcohol reacts to the final conversion of at least 99.8 percent. The so prepared alkyl nitrates are used as fuel cetane number-increasing additive for Diesel engines. |
