| 摘要 |
Thin cellulose hydrate films, having a superficial density of less than 15 gms. per square metre, for example, 10, 8, 6, and even 5 gms. per square metre, are obtained by extruding cuprammonium cellulose solution under pressure through narrow slots of 0.05 mm. to 0.5 mm. width, drawing out to the desired thinness through a coagulating or precipitating bath of dilute caustic soda, passing by means of suitable rotating transport appliances through the necessary after-treatment baths, and if necessary, drying on a system of heated rollers. The structure of cuprammonium cellulose solution issuing from the extrusion appliance may be led first through an air gap of a few millimetres and then through a stretch of free precipitating bath amounting to several centimetres, after which it is allowed within this bath to run on to a drum of comparatively large diameter (e.g. 1 metre), to which it may be caused to adhere by endless bands, to prevent transverse shrinkage, and passed on to further treatment on subsequent transport appliances. The coagulated film is preferably allowed to run on to a drum of large diameter at the point of entry into the first acid bath. In an example, the solution comprises 7.2 per cent of cellulose, 7 per cent of ammonia, and 3.5 per cent of copper and the width of the extrusion slot is 0.15 mm. The shaped solution passes first through air for 5 mm., and then freely through a 4.5 per cent soda lye for 16 cm. The partially coagulated film is supported on a rotating drum of 1 m. diameter during the remainder of the coagulation treatment, and then passed on to further treatment successively with water, 10 per cent sulphuric acid, water and glycerine. The total stretch amounts to about 300 per cent, and the rate at which the film leaves the last bath, about 10 m. per minute. |
