| 摘要 |
A complex amplitude type spatial optical modulation element, with which the amount of generation of 0th-order diffraction light is low, is provided. An optical element is arranged by aligning a plurality of three-dimensional cells C 1 (x, y) two-dimensionally on an XY plane. Each individual cell is made of a light transmitting material and has a specific amplitude and a specific phase defined therein. On the upper surface of each individual cell, a first region, in which a groove G(x, y) is formed, and a second region, positioned at both sides of the first region, are formed, and light blocking layers F 1 and F 2 are formed on upper surfaces of the second region. The first region, which is a bottom surface of groove G(x, y) is set to an area (G 1 xG 3 ) that is in accordance with the specific amplitude defined in the corresponding cell, and the depth (G 2 ) of groove G(x, y) is set to a value that is in accordance with the specific phase defined in the corresponding cell. Incident light from the upper surface of a cell is modulated by the specific amplitude and the specific phase in being transmitted to the lower side of the cell. The unnecessary noise light is cut by light blocking layers F 1 and F 2.
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