| 摘要 |
A system for lining arched structures, particularly railway arches (1), provides a plurality of elongate, flexible frame elements (70), each protected by a flexible shield (149) and engaged frictionally against the curved soffit (5) by hoop stress applied at either end, preferably by a pair of installation tools (300) mounted on stanchions (40). Each tool includes a pivoting ratchet which allows the flexible frame element (70) to be formed into an arched shape on the ground and then raised into a vertical plane prior to installation. Each frame element (70) may comprise a unitary "top-hat" profile with deformable hinges, each hinge having an associated deformation structure which distributes bending forces evenly during installation. The frame elements (70) are fixed to the stanchions (40) to support them at either end in their installed position, providing a self-supporting, arched framework which relies upon the masonry soffit (5) for its shape and stability. Alternatively, each frame element may comprise joints which are remotely locked in the installed position, allowing the frame element to be decoupled from the soffit. The framework is installed from ground level, and the stanchions support a temporary mezzanine floor made from modular interlocking panels, which provides access to the soffit for installation of cooperating, flat lining panels, each panel comprising a foamed plastics body with downwardly directed channels and interlocking upper and lower edges which cooperate to form an angularly adjustable joint. A column mounting assembly comprises a base element (1050) adapted for attachment to an upwardly facing support surface (7') of a concrete slab (7), and having a mounting structure for supporting the column (1000). The base element may form a cantilever which overhangs an edge of the support surface, with part of the vertical load being transferred from the column to a flat plate (1070) arranged on the ground surface (16') beneath the mounting structure. The mounting structure may comprise a central support (1064'', 1068) on which the column is pivotably balanced, and which is vertically adjustable so as to adjust the overall height of the column, with a plurality of independently adjustable lateral supports (1065'', 1069, 1069'; 1066'', 1069, 1069') arranged around it to support the column in a vertical orientation. Conveniently, the mounting structure comprises a set of threaded rods (1064, 1065, 1066) which are advanced downwardly through the overhanging portion (1057) so as to transfer the vertical load from the column to the plate. The assembly may be used in supporting columns above a soakaway (10'') in a railway arch. A roll-formed stanchion generally of "top-hat" form and defining a stiffening tubular section is also disclosed.
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