| 摘要 |
A four-cycle internal combustion engine has a single or multi-stage pre-cooled compression, which allows the temperature and pressure of intake air to the combustion cylinders to be tightly controlled, so that a much higher compression ratio and pre-ignition compression pressure can be achieved without approaching the air/fuel mixture auto-ignition threshold. The minimal threshold pressure of air intake is determined to be >1.8 Bars at sea level and a minimal temperature drop of at least 50° C. at the heat exchanger air cooling radiator. Because this design can effectively regulate and set the maximum pre-ignition temperature of the fuel-air mixture, it can combust virtually any type of liquid hydrocarbon fuel without knocking This four-cycle engine, due to its higher compression ratio, generates power equivalent to or greater than a standard four-cycle engine in a smaller and lighter engine and at a higher efficiency. |
| 主权项 |
1. A four-cycle spark ignition internal combustion engine, comprising:
one or more combustion cylinders, each cylinder having a total cylinder volume, an intake volume, a top dead center (TDC) and a bottom dead center (BDC), and each cylinder containing an axially reciprocating piston mechanically connected to a crankshaft and a flywheel, wherein each cylinder executes a four-cycle combustion process, comprising an intake cycle, during which the piston moves axially toward the BDC of the cylinder and draws the intake volume of an air-fuel mixture into the cylinder, followed by a compression cycle, during which the piston moves axially toward the TDC of the cylinder and compresses the air-fuel mixture to a pre-ignition compression volume, a pre-ignition compression pressure, and a pre-ignition compression temperature, followed by a spark ignition of the air-fuel mixture, which drives the piston toward the BDC of the cylinder in an expansion cycle, followed by an exhaust cycle, during which the piston moves toward the TDC of the cylinder and drives an exhaust gas out of the cylinder ahead of a next intake cycle, and wherein a ratio of the pre-ignition compression volume to the intake volume defines a compression ratio; one or more pre-stage air compressors, each compressor having a compressor air volume, wherein each compressor compresses the compressor air volume of ambient air at an atmospheric pressure and at an ambient air temperature, to generate a pressurized pre-intake air volume having a pre-intake air temperature and a pre-intake air pressure of more than 2.1 bars; one or more heat-exchangers, in which the pressurized pre-intake air volume is cooled, without volume expansion, to an intake air pressure of more than 1.8 bars and to an intake air temperature, which is at least 50° C. below the pre-intake air temperature, so as to produce an intake air volume, which is mixed with a fuel that has an auto-ignition temperature, so as to constitute the intake volume of one of the cylinders; and wherein the heat exchangers are regulated so that the intake air temperature remains constant, regardless of the ambient air temperature, and so that the intake air temperature is sufficiently low that the pre-ignition compression temperature, at a designated compression ratio, remains constant at a level below the auto-ignition temperature of the fuel. |
