| 摘要 |
Nitroparaffins or nitroalicyclic hydrocarbons are prepared by heating in the gaseous phase, the paraffin or alicyclic hydrocarbon and a nitrating agent in a converter provided with a liner surfaced or made with vitreous, ceramic or refractory material containing no uncombined iron oxide, the liner not being sealed to the walls of the container. The reaction may take place in the presence of a catalyst. As nitrating agents it is preferred to use nitrogen dioxide or nitric acid, but nitric oxide and oxygen, nitrogen trioxide and oxygen or nitrogen peroxide may also be used. The liner may be made or coated with silica, alumina, "Alundum" (Registered Trade Mark), mullite, sillimanite, temperature resistant glasses like "Pyrex" (Registered Trade Mark), porcelain, steatite porcelain or fireclay products. The liner may be positioned in the reactor by means of loose temperature resistant packing. Auxiliary apparatus and pipe-lines may also be fitted with similar liners. The converter itself is preferably made of a metal not easily attacked during the reaction, such as austenitic steel or ordinary steel clad with an austenitic steel. Specifications 527,031, 575,733 and 578,044 are referred to. |
