| 摘要 |
Liquid hydrocarbons are synthesized from carbon monoxide and hydrogen in the presence of a catalyst comprising a major proportion of an iron component and a minor proportion of a fluorine compound of potassium. The latter may be potassium fluoride or complex fluorides such as potassium aluminium fluoride and potassium fluosilicate, and may constitute 0.1-10, preferably about 1 per cent, of the iron component such as red or yellow iron oxide or iron ore such as h matite, limonite, and magnetite. The iron oxide may be moistened with aqueous potassium fluoride solution, dried and shaped, if desired with addition of 3-4 per cent of a binder, e.g. a stearate, which is later removed by roasting at 800-1200 DEG F. The impregnated oxide may be reduced, for example with hydrogen at 600-1400 DEG F., and then sintered in a non-oxidizing atmosphere at 1000-1800 DEG F. Alternatively, iron or iron oxide containing potassium hydroxide, carbonate or nitrate is fluorinated with hydrogen or ferric fluoride, either as solutions or vapours, or with fluosilicic acid or their salts or gaseous organic fluorides or the iron may be fluorinated prior to impregnating with the potassium compound.ALSO:Liquid hydrocarbons are synthesized from carbon monoxide and hydrogen in the presence of a catalyst comprising a major proportion of an iron component and a minor proportion of a fluorine compound of potassium. The latter may be potassium fluoride or complex fluorides such as potassium aluminium fluoride and potassium fluosilicate, and may constitute 0.1-10, preferably about 1 per cent of the iron component such as red or yellow iron oxide or iron ore such as h matite, limonite and magnetite. The iron oxide may be moistioned with aqueous potassium fluoride solution, dried and shaped, if desired with addition of 3-4 per cent of a binder, e.g. a stearate, which is later removed by roasting at 800-1200 DEG F. The impregnated oxide may be reduced, for example with hydrogen at 600-1400 DEG F., and then sintered in a non-oxidizing atmosphere at 1000-1800 DEG F. Alternatively, iron or iron oxide containing potassium hydroxide, carbonate or nitrate is fluorinated with hydrogen or ferric fluoride, either as solutions or vapours, or with fluosilicic acids or their salts or gaseous organic fluorides or the iron may be fluorinated prior to impregnating with the potassium compound. The synthesis is effected under conventional conditions, e.g. 450-850 DEG F., 3-25 atms., H2 : CO of 0.6-3 : 1, and 100-2500 vols./vol./hr. When olefin formation is desired, temperatures of 10-50 DEG F. above the optimum for maximum yields of liquid, preferably 630-680 DEG F., are used. |
