| 摘要 |
Invention herewith described refers to the automatic rotary vacuum dryer for fruits, vegetables, grains, medicinal plants, medicaments and granulates that is composed of the box-shaped frame (5), the dozer (6) and the material hopper (7), whereat in the upper part of the box-shaped frame (5) there is the horizontally embedded axle (18) with the attached frame (8) on which there is mounted the cylinder (4) with lid (32) which rotate around their axis driven by an electric motor (11). Into the cylinder (4), there are inserted smaller cylinders (1) which are filled with the products for drying. In the process of filing with the products for drying, the cylinder (4) with the cylinders (1) placed in a vertical position, and after that, in the drying process they are rotated to a horizontal position by means of the pneumatic cylinder (19). The under pressure in the smaller cylinders (1) is achieved through the vacuum pump (2), and the hot water is supplied via the rotary connector (25) through the hollow of the shaft (9) to the central tube (26) and the cylinder (4) space and flows around the exterior surfaces of the small cylinders (1). The area below the lid (32) and in the small cylinders (1) is connected with the circulation pump (21) which at washing products for drying pushes water through the vacuum distributor (20) filling about 1/3 of useful volume. Through the PLC controller (22) the cycles of washing and drying of the products for drying and as well as the washing of the smaller cylinders (1) are carried out automatically. In accordance with the idea of the invention, the vacuum is achieved only in the small cylinders (1) which reduces the dimensions and quantity of materials to build the dryer, as well as the amount of energy required as the design allows evaporation with the under pressure below 50 mbar and the heating temperature of below 400 C. The quality of the products for drying is also increased, because the slight movement of the products for drying prevents their sticking to the inner walls of the smaller cylinders (1) and the walls of the worms (3, 41) and thereby there is avoided the damage of the membrane which is particularly important when drying fruits. The invention also allows that the same device performs washing of the products before drying as well as the washing of the smaller cylinders (1) and the worms (3, 41) after the ejection of the dried products which is very important because hand washing used in the existing dryers significantly increases the time between two drying cycles. The invention also provides the chemical solutions in the liquid or gaseous state to be inserted into the space for the products for drying, i.e. into the smaller cylinders (1) via the circulation pump (21), for example for the protection of cereals from fungal diseases (aflatoxins, etc.) as well as solutions for enhancing the appearance of the dried products. |
