| 摘要 |
A portable hemodialysis system is provided including a disposable cartridge and a reused dialysis machine. The disposable cartridge includes a dialyzer, and a dialysate flow path and a blood flow path which flow in opposing directions through the dialyzer. The disposable cartridge includes a filter for removing waste products from the dialysate, and pressure and fluid flow sensors for measuring the pressure and fluid flow in the dialysate flow path and blood flow path. In addition, the disposable cartridge possesses pump actuators (but not pump motors) for pumping dialysate and blood through their respective flow paths. The reused dialysis machine possesses a reservoir for dialysate, a level sensor, a blood leak sensor, an ammonia sensor, a venous blood line pressure sensor, a venous blood line bubble detector, pump motors, and a processor connected to the motors and sensors for controlling and monitoring hemodialysis treatment. |
| 主权项 |
1. A hemodialysis system comprising:
an arterial blood line for connecting to a patient's artery for collecting blood from a patient; a venous blood line for connecting to a patient's vein for returning blood to a patient; a reusable dialysis machine and a disposable cartridge wherein said disposable cartridge is connectable and disconnectable to said reusable dialysis machine; said disposable cartridge including:
a dialyzer;a blood flow path connected to said arterial blood line and said venous blood line for transporting blood from a patient through said dialyzer and back to a patient;a dialysate flow path, isolated from the blood flow path, for transporting a dialysate from a reservoir to said dialyzer and back to the reservoir;a first pump actuator connected to said dialysate flow path upflow from said dialyzer for pumping dialysate through said dialysate flow path;a second pump actuator connected to said dialysate flow path downflow from said dialyzer for pumping dialysate through said dialysate flow path;a third pump actuator connected to said blood flow path for pumping blood through said blood flow path;a filter connected to said dialysate flow path downflow from said dialyzer for removing uremic toxins from said a dialysate flow path, said filter positioned within a housing having a vapor membrane which permits ammonia to pass through said vapor membrane but not dialysate liquid;a first flow sensor connected to said dialysate flow path upflow from said dialyzer for detecting the fluid flow within said dialysate flow path;a second flow sensor connected to said dialysate flow path downflow from said dialyzer for detecting the fluid flow within said dialysate flow path;a third flow sensor connected to said blood flow path upflow from said dialyzer for detecting the blood flow within said blood flow path;a fourth flow sensor connected to said blood flow path downflow from said dialyzer for detecting the fluid flow within said blood flow path;a first pressure sensor connected to said dialysate flow path upflow from said dialyzer for detecting the pressure within said dialysate flow path;a second pressure sensor connected to said dialysate flow path downflow from said dialyzer for detecting the pressure within said dialysate flow path;a third pressure sensor connected to said blood flow path upflow from said dialyzer for detecting the pressure within said blood flow path;a fourth pressure sensor connected to said blood flow path down flow from said dialyzer for detecting the pressure within said blood flow path; andcartridge electrical terminals electrically connected to said disposable cartridge's first, second, third and fourth flow sensors and said disposable cartridge's first, second, third, and fourth pressure sensors; said reusable dialysis machine including:
a first pump motor engaging and actuating the operation of said first pump actuator;a second pump motor engaging and actuating the operation of said second pump actuator;a third pump motor engaging and actuating the operation of said third pump actuator;a reservoir for storing a dialysate solution in fluid connection to said a dialysate flow path;a heater thermally connected to said reservoir for heating fluids in said reservoir;a temperature sensor for measuring the temperature of said fluid;a level sensor for detecting the level of fluid in said reservoir;a blood leak sensor for detecting blood in said dialysate flow path;an ammonia sensor adjacent to said vapor membrane for sensing ammonia released from said filter;a venous blood line pressure sensor connected to said venous blood line for sensing pressure in said venous blood line;a bubble sensor connected to said venous blood line for detecting gaseous bubbles in said venous blood line;a pinch valve connected to said venous blood line for selectively permitting or obstructing the flow of blood through said venous blood line;dialysis machine electrical terminals for electrically connecting to said cartridge electrical terminals for transmitting electrical signals between said reusable dialysis machine and said disposable cartridge; anda processor connected to said first, second and third pump motors for controlling operation of said pump motors, said processor connected to said reservoir sensor, said temperature sensor, said blood leak sensor, said ammonia sensor, said venous blood line pressure sensor, and said bubble sensor for monitoring said dialysis machine sensors, said processor connected to said dialysis machine electrical terminals to connect to and monitor said disposable cartridge's flow sensors and said disposable cartridge's pressure sensors, and said processor connected to said pinch valve for controlling the opening and closing of said pinch valve. |
