Nanoscale Ion Storage Materials

摘要

Nanoscale ion storage materials are provided that exhibit unique properties measurably distinct from their larger scale counterparts. For example, the nanoscale materials can exhibit increased electronic conductivity, improved electromechanical stability, increased rate of intercalation, and/or an extended range of solid solution. Useful nanoscale materials include alkaline transition metal phosphates, such as LiMPO4, where M is one or more transition metals. The nanoscale ion storage materials are useful for producing devices such as high energy and high power storage batteries, battery-capacitor hybrid devices, and high rate electrochromic devices.

主权项

1. A lithium transition metal phosphate powder having a specific surface area of at least 15 m2/g and having a solid-solution lithium nonstoichiometry at room temperature (23° C.) that is at least 2 mole % more than the solid-solution lithium nonstoichiometry of a lithium transition metal phosphate of the same ideal composition prepared in a bulk form or as a powder of specific surface area less than about 10 m2/g, wherein the lithium transition metal phosphate has a composition Li1-xMPO4, where M is one first-row transition metal, and 0