Self adjusting fifth wheel hitch

摘要

A fifth wheel hitch includes a locking member that engages surfaces of a pair of jaws to retain the jaws in a closed position. A release handle is operably connected to the locking member whereby movement of the release handle shifts the locking member out of engagement with the jaws to permit movement of the jaws to an open position. A ratchet type mechanism retains the locking member in an engaged position relative to the jaws and compensates for wear of the components and/or differences in size between kingpins.

主权项

1. A hitch assembly for releasably coupling to a kingpin of a trailer, the hitch assembly comprising:
a hitch plate structure defining a forward portion and a rear portion having a throat with tapered sidewalls; first and second jaw members rotatably mounted to the hitch plate structure for movement between an open position wherein distal portions of the first and second jaws are spaced apart to permit a kingpin to be received between the distal portions of the first and second jaws, and a closed position wherein the distal portions of the first and second jaws are proximate one another to form a kingpin-receiving space; and wherein the first and second jaws define locking surfaces that generally face one another and define a lock-receiving space therebetween; a locking member movably mounted to the hitch plate structure for movement in a first direction from a disengaged position permitting positioning of the first and second jaw members in the open position, towards a plurality of engaged positions in which a portion of the locking member is positioned between the locking surfaces of the first and second jaws when the first and second jaws are in the closed position, and wherein the locking member prevents rotation of the first and second jaws from the closed position to the open position when the locking member is in an engaged position, and wherein the locking member is biased towards the engaged positions; a release member operably connected to the locking member such that movement of the release member moves the locking member from any of the plurality of engaged positions to the disengaged position to permit rotation of the first and second jaws from the closed position to the open position whereby a kingpin can be moved between the distal portions of the first and second jaws; and: a releasable ratchet mechanism having engaged and released configurations and permitting movement of the locking member in the first direction when the releasable ratchet mechanism is in the engaged configuration, and substantially preventing movement of the locking member in a second direction that is opposite the first direction when the releasable ratchet mechanism is in the engaged configuration such that the releasable ratchet mechanism retains the locking member in a selected one of the plurality of engaged positions.