APPARATUS AND METHODS FOR GASIFICATION

摘要

The invention relates to a circulating fluidized bed (CFB) reactor for thermal processing of added carbonaceous material, the carbonaceous material normally comprises organic material or organic material mixed with inorganic material such as in straw or other vegetable waste, manure, household rubbish, dried wastewater, dried animal remains or other dried carbonaceous waste products. The invention also relates to a process for manufacturing a combustible product gas having a heating value around 4-8 MJ/Nm3 from such a carbonaceous material by subjecting the carbonaceous material to pyrolysis in one process step and oxidation in two subsequent process steps. A circulating fluidized bed (CFB) reactor according to the invention comprises a primary char gasification chamber (5) and an intermediate char gasification chamber (9) typically provided with a fluidized bed wherein the height (h10) of the second fluidized bed (10) in the intermediate char gasification chamber is larger than the height (hn) of the first fluidized bed (11) in the primary char gasification chamber (5).

主权项

1. A circulating fluidized bed (CFB) reactor for thermal processing of added carbonaceous material, comprising:
a first pyrolysis reaction chamber (1) wherein added carbonaceous material is pyrolysed due to contact with hot recirculating particles, which first reaction chamber (1) has an inlet (1a) for carbonaceous material, an inlet (1c) for fluidizing gas, and an outlet (1b) for product gas in the upper part of the first reaction chamber (1) which product gas carries carbon containing char particles and recirculating inert particles, one or more separators (4) having an inlet (4a) through which the product gas carrying particles from the first reaction chamber (1) is received, and an outlet (4b) through which the particles leave each separator and enter into a primary char gasification chamber (5) via one or more conduits (14), said primary char gasification chamber (5) comprising an inlet (5a) for pyrolysed and recirculating particles, an inlet (5b) for fluidizing gas (6) in the lower part of the primary char gasification chamber (5), an outlet (5d) in the upper part of the primary char gasification chamber (5) for produced gas and an outlet (5c) for particles in the lower part of the primary char gasification chamber (5) opening into a particle return conduit (7) which particle return conduit (7) opens into an intermediate char gasification chamber (9), and said intermediate char gasification chamber (9) comprising an inlet (9a) for particles from the primary char gasification chamber (5) and an inlet (9b) for a fluidizing gas e.g. gas containing O2/H2O in the lower part of the reactor (9), and further comprising an outlet (9c) for produced gas carrying particles from the upper part of the chamber (9) which outlet (9c) opens into a conduit (8) having at least one outlet to the lower part of the first reaction chamber (1) and which provides fluidizing gas to the first reaction chamber (1).