| 摘要 |
726,183. Machine-tool details. GULF RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT CO. Feb. 4, 1952 [May 29, 1951], No. 2857/52. Class 83 (3). A method of applying cutting liquid to a metal-cutting tool consists in directing a jet of the liquid into the angle between the cut face of the work and the relief face of the tool, the jet being discharged from an orifice at a pressure of at least 300 lbs./sq.in. and with a speed in excess of 40 times the speed of the work. In a lathe, a thin jet from a nozzle 10 at 260 ft./sec. cooled the work to 75‹ F., the cutting speed being 110 ft. /min., feed 0.011 in./rev., depth of cut 0.150 in., and liquid temperature 1,000‹ F. (With a conventional oil flow of 4 ft./sec. the cooling effect was 30‹ F.). The initial pressure of the jet was 450 1b./sq. in., the pressure between the tool and work 50,000 1b./sq. in., the temperature at the cutting-edge of the tool 1,000‹ F., and the boiling point of the liquid 500‹ F. It is stated that the liquid, e.g. oil, vaporizes, passes between the irregularities of the tool-edge and the work, and condenses on the opposite side of the cut, thus lubricating the tool on both sides. To investigate the flow, pressure tapping-points were formed in a tooledge. The work surface finish obtained is 50 root-mean-square micro inches compared with the conventional 175 r.m.s. micro inches. The method is suitable for use with tungsten carbide tools using a soluble oil (5 per cent oil, 95 per cent water). Smoke, vapour and splash may be, quenched by a conventional oil stream applied above the tool. The jet nozzles may have one or more circular orifices, Fig. 6, or an orifice in the form of a slit. Figs. 9 and 10 show the invention applied to a milling cutter and a planing tool. |
