Evanescent electromagnetic wave conversion lenses I

摘要

Apparatus, methods, and systems provide conversion of evanescent electromagnetic waves to non-evanescent electromagnetic waves and/or conversion of non-evanescent electromagnetic waves to evanescent electromagnetic waves. In some approaches the conversion includes propagation of electromagnetic waves within an indefinite electromagnetic medium, and the indefinite medium may include an artificially-structured material such as a layered structure or other metamaterial.

主权项

1. An electromagnetic apparatus, comprising:
a layered structure that includes alternating layers of first and second materials, the layered structure having an electromagnetic property characterized by a positive electromagnetic parameter corresponding to a first direction and a negative electromagnetic parameter corresponding to a second direction perpendicular to the first direction, the layered structure being responsive to an evanescent electromagnetic wave at a first surface region to provide a non-evanescent electromagnetic wave at a second surface region, where the first and second surface regions are substantially planar and substantially parallel; wherein the electromagnetic property is a tensor selected from a group consisting of permittivity and permeability tensors, the positive electromagnetic parameter is a first eigenvalue of the tensor corresponding to the first direction, and the negative electromagnetic parameter is a second eigenvalue of the tensor corresponding to the second direction.