摘要 |
<p>A method and apparatus to provide authentication. The method comprising sending a challenge to a user to be authenticated, the challenge including a reference on a card issued to the user and receiving a user-supplied value purported by the user to be associated with the reference on the card issued to the user. The method further comprising accessing a secret key associated with the card issued to the user and generating a password using a function F of the secret key and the reference. The method further comprising mapping the function F to a value in an alphabet and authenticating the user by comparing the value in the alphabet to the user-supplied value.</p> |